Der Borghagen-Steinbruch

In the Borghagen quarry rock layers from the lower Carbon time are
exposed. They comprise siliceous claystones and non-siliceous
claystones as well as limestones that belong to the siliceous
passage layers? and the "Kulm-slates?. They were formed about 300
million years ago at the bottom of a large ocean covering much of
Europe in those days.<br />
Clay and lime silts were deposited layer-by-layer over a long
period, steadily compressed and converted to claystone and
limestone at the end.<br />
When the Rheinisches Schiefergebirge (Rhinian Slate Mountains)
emerged, the area was folded under enormous pressure, lifted and
has been mainland since then. Later, the folded layers were worn
off again to today?s level. When the stone did not withstand the
high pressure any longer in spite of its folding, even major rock
packages broke away and so-called faults were formed. Such a fault
can be found in the left-hand part of the outcrop, where a rock
package was shifted over another package thus duplicating the
layers (reverse fault).

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